ELECTRONICS SEM IV & SEM VI-SYLLABUS



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UNIT-II MICROCONTROLLER NOTES

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Unit: 2 Micro Controller Architecture **Explain the overview of 8051 microcontroller.              The microcontroller is a programmable IC manufactured by VLSI technique and capable of performing arithmetic and logical operations.              The basic functional blocks of a microcontroller are ALU, Flag register, Register array, program counter (PC), Instruction decoding unit, timing and control unit, RAM memory, EPROM/EEPROM memory, parallel I/O port, serial I/O port, programmable timer, ADC and DAC. But all the microcontrollers may not have all the blocks.             In microcontroller ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations. Flag register : The various conditions of the result are stored as status bits in flag register. Register array & Internal   RAM   memory are used as temporary storage device for storing temporary data during execution of a program.              EPROM/EEPROM: The program codes and permanent data are stored in EPROM/EEPROM.   
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UNIT-III Addressing modes & Instruction set

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** Explain 8051 instruction set (or) classification of 8051 instruction set (or) types of instructions.             Depending on operation   all instructions are divided in fivel groups: ·          Data Transfer Instructions ·          Arithmetic Instructions ·          Logic Instructions ·          Branch Instructions ·          Bit-oriented Instructions (or) Boolean instructions. Data   Transfer instructions :                      In 8051 microcontroller MOV,MOVC,MOVX,PUSH,POP,XCH and XCHD instructions are used to transfer data between registers and memory locations.           In 8051 microcontroller data transfer operations are : —>     Copy the content of a SFR to internal memory ( or) vice versa —>     Load an immediate operand to SFR/internal memory. —>     Exchange the content of SFR/internal memory with A. —>     Copy the content of program memory to Accumulator. —>      Copy the content of data memory to accumulator
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8051 MC PIN DESCRIPTION

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    8051    MICRO CONTROLLER PIN DESCRIPTION The pin diagram of 8051 microcontroller looks as follows − ·          Pins 1 to 8  − These pins are known as Port 1. This port doesn’t serve any other functions. It is internally pulled up, bi-directional I/O port. ·          Pin 9  − It is a RESET pin, which is used to reset the microcontroller to its initial values. ·          Pins 10 to 17  − These pins are known as Port 3. This port serves some functions like interrupts, timer input, control signals, serial communication signals RxD and TxD, etc. ·          Pins 18 & 19  − These pins are used for interfacing an external crystal to get the system clock. ·          Pin 20  − This pin provides the power supply to the circuit. ·          Pins 21 to 28  − These pins are known as Port 2. It serves as I/O port. Higher order address bus signals are also multiplexed using this port. ·          Pin 29  − This is PSEN pin which stands for Program
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